SPECIFIC GRAVITY

 Neonate:  1.012
 Infant:  1.002-1.006
 Child and adult:  1.001-1.035


 Specific gravity corresponds to osmolality.  Urinary osmolality not the spe-  cific gravity is the index of the concentrating power of the kidneys.
                  true value of > 1.023 indicates normal ranal concentrating ability.   
increased:
  Dehydraton,  heavy proteinuria(nephrosis).  glycosuria(glucose.  man-  nitol.  diabetes mellitus).  congestive heart failure,  adrenal insufficiency,  syndrome of inappropriate anticiuretic hormone(SIADH),  excretion of x-ray contrast media,  and high doses of antibiotics(e.g.  carbenicillin)  that have been administered parentally and that are excreted unchanged in the urine. 

Decreased:  Pyelonephritis.  glomerulonephritis,  diabetes insipidus.